It represents one of the last types made by using the technique. Casting This process involved the shaping of molten glass in a closed mould or over an open former. The earliest use of casting is found in the production of mosaic glass vessels during the Late Bronze Age. They were made by fusing together thin slices of coloured glass made from canes. In the Iron Age, when translucent monochrome or colourless glass became popular, a simpler method was used for making open-shaped vessels, whereby the hot glass was sagged over a former.
Closed vessels, on the other hand, were probably cast using the lost-wax technique. A mould was made by creating a wax or wax-coated model of the object to be produced. The model was enveloped in clay or plaster and then baked, so that the wax melted, leaving a mould into which molten or, more probably, powdered glass could be poured.
After casting, the vessels were allowed to cool, and then they were usually cut and ground into their final form. Blowing the discovery of glass-blowing occurred slightly before the middle of the first century BC in the Syro-Palestinian region of the Near East. It was, however, not until the use of a hollow metal blow-pipe became accepted practice probably in the last quarter of the first century BC that the invention was fully appreciated. The combination of the blow-pipe and the knowledge of inflation revolutionised the glass industry, enabling craftsmen to make vessels more quickly, at less expense and in a greater variety of shapes.
Mould-blowing This technique developed from the invention of glass-blowing, probably in the first quarter of the first century AD. It allowed the glass-maker to replicate designs and shapes at will, using a pre-made clay, metal or wooden mould.
Glass containers - In which glass is carefully made in three different stages melting of raw materials, pouring or blowing glass in container molds and cooling with finishing touches for quality. Float glass processes - In which glass is laid on the surface of molten metal tin or lead.
This process is used for creating of flat windows. Manual Glass Blowing - Used mostly for creating of art objects and custom glass containers.
After manufacture, every glass product can be additionally treated by coating, heat treating, engraving or some kind of decorating. How Glass is Made? Melting and Refining In order to make clear glass , the right set of raw materials is required. These ingredients are mixed in the right proportion, and the entire batch is flown into a furnace heated to degree Celsius. In order to impart colour to the glass, certain metal oxides are also mixed in the batch.
Float bath The molten material from the furnace flows into the float bath which consists of a mirror-like surface made from molten tin. This material enters the bath at degree Celsius and leaves the bath at around degree Celsius. Its shape at the exit is like a solid ribbon. Coating for reflective glass Thereafter, if one is producing reflective glass surfaces that help in keeping indoors cooler, then coating procedures are followed in which either a hard coat or a soft coat is applied on the surface of the cooled ribbon at high temperatures.
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